The Second Tatarian Invasion

The year 628 A.H. / 1230 A.D. coincided with a new horrific series of Tatarian attacks against the Islamic world. A new Tatarian leader, Ogedei, took office, and started to arrange the affairs of his kingdom in its stronghold inMongoliaandChina, in the period between 624-627 A.H. / 1226-1229 A.D.

After finishing this, he started to think about invading the Islamic world once again, and then breaking in to the Russian territories, where the Tatarian armies had previously been bitterly defeated, to resume invasions insideEurope.

To do this, the Tatarian supreme ruler (Khagan) Ogedei appointed Chormagan, one of his most prominent leaders, to undertake the second round of Tatarian invasions. He mobilized a huge army from among the Tatars and headed anew towards the Islamic world.

When the huge Tatarian armies came under the leadership of Chormagan, they severely overran the Islamic territories. They had previously received the news about the tremendous weakness of Jalaal Ad-Deen, due to the two defeats he received at the hands of Al-Ashraf, the governor of Al-Jazeerah in northernIraqand southernTurkey. The Ismailis, a division of the Shiites, who resided in the west ofPersia, communicated with the Tatars telling them about the weakness of Jalaal Ad-Deen. Due to their wars with Jalaal Ad-Deen, they intended to take revenge on him, by telling the Tatars about the time in which he was weak (in order to instigate them to attack him).

The Tatars came with their immense numbers, ruining everything that could be ruined, and exterminated everything that could be exterminated. Their main goal was to seize Jalaal Ad-Deen. He met with the Tatars in a battle in which he was bitterly defeated and had no way but to hurry and flee from them, after his army had been divided into pieces. He alone went on moving from one village to another in flight from the Tatars. He disappeared for months, during which nobody knew if he was alive or dead or had fled to another territory, until he reached a Kurdish village, where a farmer recognized him, welcomed him, by way of deception, and served him food until Jalaal Ad-Deen rest assured about him and slept. While he was sleeping, the farmer took an axe and killed him. He took all his jewelry and gave it to Shihaab Ad-Deen Ghaazi, governor of this village, who had suffered a lot from Jalaal Ad-Deen’s attacks on the village.

That was the end of the tyrants, and the end of the transgressors who ruled over the people but did not observe the Rights of Allaah, of their people, and of their kinship ties, but rather cared for their own selves.

As a result of bad upbringing, absence of proper understanding of Islam, attachment to this World to the utmost degree, and the ambiguity of vision in the sight of the people, psychological defeat crept into the hearts of the Muslims who lost their will to fight; they could neither carry a sword nor ride a horse. That is because they did not think about resistance. Of course, this made the mission of the Tatars easier, and they found the gates opened and necks ready to be cut.

Ibn Al-Atheer, May Allaah Have mercy upon him, relates in his Al-Kaamil scenes of the events of the year 628 A.H. / 1230 A.D. in the form of stories that he heard directly from people who were saved from the campaigns of the Tatars upon the Islamic territories:

A single Tatarian would enter a village having crowds of people and start killing them one by one, and none of the Muslims would dare to raise his hand towards him to attack him or even defend himself.

A Tatarian happened to catch hold of a Muslim person, and he had no sword, thereupon he told the Muslim to stay on the ground until he would come back to him. That Muslim did accordingly and the Tatarian went and fetched a sword and came back and killed him.

Chormagan simply joined the north ofPersia(presentlyIran) to the Tatarian Empire in 629 A.H. / 1231A.D. Then he advanced towards theterritoryofAzerbaijanand joined it to the kingdom as well.

To Continue............

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