Introduction 

The story of Baghdad was over and the Tatars left it after forty days of massacres and destruction; and all the people, the Tatars, the Muslims and the Christians, started to rearrange their papers in the light of the new events in Baghdad.

Hulagu withdrew from Baghdad to Hamadaan, therefrom he moved to the castle of Shaha, on the Lake of Ormia, North-West of Iran, where he placed the enormous treasures he had looted from the Abbasid palaces, the house of the Muslim treasury and the houses of merchants, manufacturers and the owners of wealth.
Hulagu left a Tatarian garrison around Baghdad and soon started to seriously think about the next step. Undoubtedly, the next step after Iraq would be Syria (Shaam). So, he started to study the situation in this region.
Whilst making this study and determining the points of weakness and strength in those Islamic regions, some Muslim emirs began to affirm their allegiance to the Tatars, and official delegates were sent in succession to the Tatarian leader, seeking alliances and treaties with this new friend, the man of war and peace, Hulagu!
Although the blood of the million Muslims who were killed in Baghdad was not yet dry, those Muslim emirs saw no harm to ally themselves to Hulagu, since the gap between them and him was too wide to fill, as they claimed, and it was better, in their view, to gain anything rather than to lose everything, or, at least, to neutralize their stance and be safe from his evil.
That is the significance of the Statement of Allaah (which means): {And indeed, there is among you he who lingers behind; and if disaster strikes you, he says, "Allaah Has Favored me in that I was not present with them."} [Quran 4:72]

There is no doubt that those emirs were very happy about their non-participation with the Abbasids in the defense of Baghdad. Assuredly, they seemed as wise men before their peoples because they kept their peoples away from the scourges of war. Certainly too, their speeches in this respect were strong, fiery and intensely ardent: {And when you see them, their forms please you, and if they speak, you listen to their speech. [They are] as if they were pieces of wood propped up.} [Quran 63:4] There is no doubt too that there were some opportunist scholars, who supported their steps, blessed their movements, and urged their peoples to follow them, and be satisfied with their deeds.

Unquestionably, those scholars gave them examples from the Prophetic Sunnah, saying, for instance: "The Messenger of Allaah, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, concluded an agreement with the polytheists in the Hudaibiyah Peace Treaty so, why should we not conclude a treaty with the Tatars now? The Messenger of Allaah, sallallaahu ‘alayhi wa sallam, concluded a treaty with the Jews in Al-Madeenah so, why should we not conclude a treaty with the Tatars in Baghdad? Furthermore, the Tatars want to make peace with us and Allaah the Almighty Says in His Noble Book (what means): {And if they incline to peace, then incline to it [also] and rely upon Allaah. Indeed, it is He Who Is The Hearing, The Knowing.} [Quran 8:61] and the Tatars inclined to peace with us. Do you like to commit a Sharee‘ah violation? Do you like bloodshed? Do you like the demolition of houses? Do you like the destruction of the economy? Wisdom definitely lies in the conciliation, treaty and alliance that our emir concluded with the Tatars. Let us start a new page of love for all humankind!"

Exalted be Allaah! {They alter the Scripture with their tongues so you may think it is from the Scripture, but it is not from the Scripture. And they say, "This is from Allaah," but it is not from Allaah. And they speak untruth about Allaah while they know.} [Quran 3:78]

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