The expansion of Mysore territories under Hyder Ali brought him into conflict with the other three contestants for power. The conflict with the Marathas was for control of the region between Tunga Bhadra and Krishna rivers. The dispute with the Nizam was for Bellary, Kurnool and other northern districts. The contest with the British was control of Arcot.

Hyder Ali fought a series of skirmishes with the Nizam and the Marathas and successfully consolidated his dominions in a vast track extending from Goa in the north to Travancore in the South and from the Arabian sea to the Eastern ghats. It is for his struggles with the British that he is best remembered. The First Anglo Mysore War was fought in 1767-69 and was primarily centered on the control of Arcot. It ended when the Mysore armies conducted a surprise raid on Madras and negotiate a truce.

The Second Mysore War (1780-82) was perhaps the most memorable from the Indian perspective. The War involved the French and the Dutch on the Mysore side and indirectly also the Americans under George Washington as the American War of Independence was going on at the same time. It was in the Second Anglo Mysore War that Tipu Sultan distinguished himself by defeating the British armies on multiple occasions. In 1780 at the Battle of Pollilur, he smashed a force under Colonel Bailie and forced him to surrender. This was the worst defeat suffered by the British on Indian soil.

The battle is known for the extensive use of rockets by the Mysore army.  After the capture of Srirangapatam (1799) the Mysore rockets were modified by the British and used in the Anglo American war of 1812. It was a sky lit by the explosion of modified Mysore rockets over Washington DC that inspired the Star Spangled Banner. Other notable victories won by Tipu included the Battle of Tanjore against Colonel Braithwaite, the Battle of Bednore against General Mathews and the Battle of Mangalore against Colonel Fullerton. The Second Anglo Mysore War ended in 1782 with the Treaty of Mangalore on terms dictated by Tipu Sultan.

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