<h2 >Ibn Hawqal

He first came to Cordoba around 350 AH-961 AC. He was a merchant from Mosul. He described Cordoba by saying: "The greatest city in Andalusia is Cordoba, which had no opposite number in the Maghreb in terms of large population and wide area. Cordoba is reported to be like one of Baghdad's two sides, if not, it is nearly like that. Cordoba is fortified with a stone fence and has two gates installed on that fence toward the road of the valley from ar-Rasafa. Ar-Rasafa are houses at the high regions of the country, connected to the southern regions by heavy trees. Its buildings are close to one another and interlaced and surrounded from the east, west, south and north.[1]     

<h2 >Al Idrisi

People of Cordoba were famous for being the noblest personalities and leading, high-ranking scholars. Al Idrisi says: "Cordoba lived no day without top scholars and noble figures. Cordoba's traders are rich people with luxurious houses and high determination."[2]    

<h2 >Al Himyari

Al Himyari says: "Cordoba is the capital of Andalusia, mother of Andalusia's cities and headquarters of the Umayyad. The Umayyad landmarks in Cordoba are obvious. Cordoba's merits and its scholars' commendable acts need not to be mentioned. They are the most distinguished personalities and the noblest figures. They were famous for their true belief, lawful earning, handsomeness, high determination and lofty morals. Cordoba was home for top scholars and noblest figures."[3]       

<h2 >Yaqut al Hamawi

Yaqut described Cordoba, saying: "A great city in Andalusia at the center of Andalusia. Cordoba was a headquarters for Andalusia's ruler and the capital. Cordoba was also home for Umayyad kings, noblest people and fountain of great personalities."[4]     

<h2 >Abu al Hassan Ibn Bassam 

Abu al Hassan Ibn Bassam was quoted as saying, "It (Cordoba) was unique to the utmost degree, central city, mother of all lands, headquarters of noble and pious people, homeland of people of knowledge and opinion, the heart of the region, fountain of knowledge, dome of Islam, headquarter of imams, orchard of thought, in its skies the stars and leading figures were born, as well as best writers of poetry and prose. In Cordoba great writings were produced and the reason behind this – as said by all people in old and modern ages – is that the city was home for only researcher and knowledge and literature seekers. All in all, most of the people of that city – meaning Cordoba specifically and Andalusia generally – are noble Arabs who conquered it and best soldiers from Greater Syria and Iraq set feet on it."[5]                       

<h2 >Ibn al Wardi

Ibn al Wardi described Cordoba, saying: "Cordoba's people are the most distinguished personalities and people's leading examples for good food and dressing and high determination. Cordoba is home for top scholars, noblest people, most glorified invaders and glorious wars." After describing Cordoba's mosques and arcade, he said: "That city's charming qualities are too great to describe."[6]            

This was one of the Islamic civilization cities that had contributed to the progress of humankind. In fact, Cordoba is not alone in this matter and we would have been saying the same if we talk about Baghdad, Damascus, Cairo, Basra or any other place. No wonder, this is Muslims' civilization; the greatest worldwide and the pearl of the long history of humankind.      

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