The unique tolerance of the prophet Muhammad was not only conducted with the chiefs of Quraish, men and women, however; it extended to include many of the chiefs of the different tribes.

In the course of this research paper, I will shed light on three of the prominent foes and most harmful to the prophet Muhammad.

1-      the kindness of the prophet Muhammad with Malik ibn `Awf An-Nasry:

Malik was the chief of Hawazin tribes and was a dangerous chief of the Arabs. Ha managed collect an army of the tribes of Hawazin and its aides along with Thaqif tribe and others. The army amounted to 25 thousand warriors, the largest Arab army.

Malik prompted the army to the extent they took their women, wealth and livestock with them to the battlefield as a means not to flee. This means they sacrifice all their gains to fight Muslims. Malik was determined to eradicate Muslims that he made precise planning. Near Hunain Valley, Malik along with his army confronted Muslims harshly[1].

The plan of Malik was about to succeed to the extent that Muslims were harmed too much that never before happened to them. The Islamic existence was subject to vanish and the prophet Muhammad was about to die.

Indeed, it is the most difficult crisis!!

However, Allah, Almighty, willed to endow victory to Muslims after a fierce conflict and Hawazin and Thaqif tribes fled away and Malik himself did the same and they all joined to the forts of At-Taef. At the time Malik fled, Hawazin tribe sought Islam as primarily it aimed at regaining its women and livestock that Muslims captured as captives and spoils.

Now Malik found himself alone after he was settled chief. He found himself without wealth or tribe. Moreover, he is refugee to another tribe, namely, Thaqif where he feels not safety. He experienced the most psychological defeat never found before as a leader.

In the course of this shameful condition of Malik, there was somebody thinking of him.

He is the prophet Muhammad!!

The prophet asked about Malik ibn `Awf. His people replied: Malik is settled at At-Taef in impregnable forts while afraid.

As usual, the prophet said: inform Malik that if he came as a Muslim, I will give back his family, wealth and one hundred camels[2]. Is that attitude of the prophet Muhammad imaginable?!

Can any body expect an attitude like that from a victorious leader toward a defeated one?!!

Globally, leaders find pleasant to try, inflicting punishment and humiliate the chiefs of their foes. But, it does not pass through the minds of the chiefs worldwide for a victorious leader to treat with kindness a defeated one and give him generously!!

At that moment, Malik ibn `Awf found deliverance I the words of the prophet Muhammad, so, Malik came to the prophet and embraced Islam. The prophet accepted him without any condition. The prophet has not rebuked, treated roughly, or enquired Malik about any thing!!

Moreover; the prophet Muhammad treated Malik in noble character, the prophet made Malik the chief of Hawazin tribe once again and, also, entrusted him with a serious military mission, that it is, besiege At-Taef!!

The prophet Muhammad considered the leading characteristics of Malik and valued highly his reputation, prestige and value. The prophet has not overlooked the competencies of Malik as some leaders globally do out of haughtiness and arrogance.

Instantly, the prophet Muhammad overlooked the bad history of Malik and treated him as a venerable leader and directed his efforts towards the welfare work instead of spreading corruption in land.

How prosperity brought upon Muslims! How prosperity brought upon Hawazin! How prosperity brought upon Malik ibn `Awf!

Now, is it feasible to any body to accuse Muslims of not recognizing or valuing the other! And, does the history of whatever nation include attitudes like those of our venerable prophet Muhammad!?

The truth is plain and the issue is clear, but most of people are blind.

2-      the kindness of the prophet Muhammad with `Adi ibn Hatim At-Tai:

The same attitude of the prophet Muhammad conducted with Malik ibn `Awf was also followed with `Adi ibn Hatim, the chief of Tai Tribe, a tribe fiercely combated Islam and for a long period of time, the matter which worsened the possibilities to embrace Islam. The tribe of Tai belonged to Rabie`ah “Al-Qahtanyah”[3] tribe which is far from Quraish Al-`Adnanyah. Therefore, the tribal clashes between the two were extreme. The tribe of Tai had its own idol called “Al-Fils” which was centre of attraction for many from very far. Moreover, some of them embraced Christianity and allied with the Roman state.

Accordingly, many factors made it impracticable to Tai tribe to embrace Islam; tribal issues, doctrinal issues and in addition to their advocacy to the major power worldwide, namely Rome.

Over and above, the tribe of Tai was so strong one that it extended its dominance upon a vast regions in peninsula to the extent that no body travels through Iraq or Great Syria unless the men of Tai tribe allow him. Therefore, embracing Islam was impracticable.

The enmity of Tai tribe to Islam explained as Ka`b ibn Al-Ashraf, the prominent Jewish chief, belongs to it. He declared himself an enemy of Islam in every part, as his father belonged to Tai and his mother belonged to Bani-An-Nadir. As he increased his enmity to Muslims and incited Peninsula against Muslims, the prophet ordered him to be killed, and it was. Thus, Tai tribe lost a very prominent figure in the sight of Arabs.

Ranked first to Tai tribe, `Adi ibn Hatim who was the son of the prominent Arab chief Hatim At-Tai that known for his hospitality and generosity.

`Adi felt that his prestige is decreasing in Peninsula, so he bore grudge extremely against the prophet. This is explicit in his words: (No hatred I had never found to somebody than to Muhammad when he was sent as a Messenger[4]). Days passed, the opening of Mecca took place and its people embraced Islam and Hawazin likewise. The prophet Muhammad sent his companions every where destroying idols. Among those was `Ali ibn Abi-talib who was sent to Tai tribe to destroy its idol “Fils” and Tai opposed him very much. They fled, some of them were captured. `Adi ibn Hatim fled to Great Syria and his sister was captured, but the prophet ransomed her for free. She went to her brother `Adi to Syria and said to him: (the prophet Muhammad made some thing that our father would not have done. You should yield to him willingly or unwillingly[5]).

At that moment, `Adi ibn Hatim was in a state that he detested being refugee. He himself describes his affair. He stated: (I detested my refuge. It occurred to me that I should go to him that I will listen to him if he is a truthful, but if he is a liar, he will not affect me[6]).

`Adi ibn Hatim came to Medina in this obvious humble state. What was the reaction of the prophet Muhammad with him?!

`Adi ibn Hatim stated: (the prophet said to me: O `Adi embrace Islam and you will be safe. `Adi said: the prophet said it thrice and I said: I do embrace a religion. The prophet said to me: I am more expert in your religion than you. I said: you are more expert in my religion than me?! The prophet said: Yes, is not that you follow Rikusia tenet and you take your people's charity? I said: yes. The prophet said: this is unlawful to you in your religion. `Adi said: at that moment, I revered him. The prophet said to me: I know the reason holds you back from embracing Islam. You say to your self: the followers of Muhammad are the feeble who have no value in the sight of Arabs. O `Adi: do you know Al-Hirah (an ancient city located south of al-Kufah in south-central Iraq) I said: I heard about it, but I never visited it. The prophet said: By Allah! In whose hand is the soul of Muhammad! Islam will dominate to the extent that a Muslim woman will travel from Al-Hirah to circumambulate the Holly House seeking not any protection and the treasures of Khosrau will be to Muslims. I said: Khosrau?! the prophet said: yes, Khosrau and wealth will be abundant so much that none will accept it[7]).

Very simply, the prophet Muhammad admitted this prominent leader and the renowned chief to the party of Muslims. The prophet was not afraid that he might incite Tai tribe against Muslims. He overlooked his hostility and aversion to Muslims. The prophet Muhammad dealt him leniently, kindly and valued him highly.

At a later time, `Adi said: Muslim women travelled from Al-Hirah to circumambulate the Holly House seeking not any protection and I was among those Muslims conquered Khosrau and by Allah, in whose hand is my soul, the third one of the glad tidings will come true as the prophet promised that).

3-      the kindness of the prophet Muhammad with `Abd Yalil ibn `Amr Athaqafi, the chief of the renowned Thaqif tribe:

I would like to conclude this research paper with the attitude of the prophet Muhammad towards somebody never imagined to be dealt kindly. This is because this person hurt the feelings of the prophet for many years. Moreover, when that person came to the prophet, it was not out of desire in Islam, but to argue and maneuver the prophet!! He is most significant person in Peninsula wholly. He is`Abd Yalil ibn `Amr Athaqafi, the chief of the renowned Thaqif tribe: his history with the prophet Muhammad was too bad.

The story begins when the prophet Muhammad went to At-Taif after the death of his uncle Abu-Talib and the crucial condition of conveying Islam. The prophet went to At-Taif to call them to Islam hoping that they will approach him kindly. The prophet met with the chiefs of Thaqif who were three and `Abd Yalil ranked first to them. The prophet presented Islam, but he was repulsed to a degree he never imagined. Moreover, he found them ridiculous to the extent that their chief `Abd Yalil said: if it is really he is sent by Allah, he will desecrate the Holly House[8]).

As well-known, `Abd-Yalil and his partisans incited their boys and the foolish to chase the prophet and his companion Zayd ibn Harithah by stones and insults until they drove them ultimately from At-Taif.

This foolish situation hurt the feelings of the prophet Muhammad very much and the state of Dawah was hopeless for many successive years. Just few numbers of Thaqif people embraces Islam, rather it was only the venerable companion Al-Mughirah ibn Shu`bah[9] from Taif tribe who embraced Islam before the opening of Mecca.

Tahqif tribe joined in alliance with Hawazin tribe to form a massive party aiming at eradicating Muslims in the battle of Hunain at the 8th year of Hijra[10].

On being defeated, their armies fled to the forts of At-Taif. The prophet besieged them for a total of one month[11], yet, he could not get them out of the forts. Accordingly, the prophet left them without opening At-Taif. This was a shock to the companions of the prophet who in turn soothed them and invoked Allah to endow His guidance on Thaqif.

The question of Thaqif aggravated when they killed their chief `Urwah ibn Mas`ud[12] who embraced Islam and went to them calling them to embrace Islam. This incident hurt the feelings of the prophet very much.

Days passed, in Ramadan month on the 9th year of Hijra, Thaqif contemplated on the issue of Muslims and how they became the major power in peninsula, especially after the Roman armies fled in the Day of Tabuk. Accordingly, they deeply thought over coming to Medina to embrace Islam.

It was apparent that they are not seeking Islam, however; they came only due to their inner conviction that they can no more confront Muslims. Thus, they formed a delegation arguing the prophet trying to reach the best solutions. `Abd Yalil was at the head of this delegation, the old chief who one day mocked the prophet Muhammad. But, at that moment, he came humble before the prophet Muhammad who was empowered to the land and became a major power.

The prophet received the delegation of Thaqif headed by `Abd Yalil. It was hearty reception. The prophet Muhammad mentioned nothing concerning their past with him. The prophet has not mentioned their mockery when he went to them asking for their support. The prophet has not said to them: tit for tat. On the contrary, the prophet welcomed them and received them with hospitality and presents. Moreover, the prophet sat with them listening to their suggestions which were very foolish, yet, the prophet has not became angry with them, but he calmly discussed them. They asked the prophet to embrace Islam but conditionally. They asked the prophet to permit usury, adultery and wine to them. They asked to be excluded from performing prayers and to keep their idol Al-Lat[13] unhurt[14].

Their requests were silly reflecting the fact that they still ignorant of the real message of Islam. Though the silly are their requests, the prophet has not become angry with them, not even he left them, however; he kept explaining Islam to them leniently. He kept discussing them daily after Isha (night) prayer to the extent that he made a tent to them inside the prophetic mosque[15] valuing them, they were non-Muslims.

In the end, the delegation of Thaqif accepted Islam wholly and was most steadfast to Islam even at the tome of apostasy.

No doubt that they would not embrace Islam if the prophet dealt with them harshly or revenged himself. If they were to keep a state of non-Muslims, they would be a stumbling block to safety in peninsula. However, the prophet always pays our attentions through his deeds to the Hadith: (Allah, Almighty, is kind and He “SWT” loves kindness. Allah holds kindness valuable more than vehemence and any other thing[16]).

Through these means, we have experienced the prosperity that prevailed in Peninsula, rather; the whole world through this prophetic attitude when dealing with others and dissenters. Truthful is the prophet when he creatively summarized the value of kindness: (whoever is deprived of kindness is indeed deprived from the good[17])